Ctrl + B / Command + B
The bold shortcut is Ctrl + B (on Windows) or Command + B (on macOS). It makes selected text bold.
Cascading Style Sheets
CSS controls the layout, colors, fonts, and overall look and feel of the web pages, allowing for separation between content and design.
Ctrl + C / Command + C
A copy shortcut in a computer is typically Ctrl + C (on Windows) or Command + C (on macOS). It allows users to copy selected text, files, or objects to the clipboard for later use or transfer.
Ctrl + X / Command + X
A cut shortcut is typically Ctrl + X (on Windows) or Command + X (on macOS). It removes the selected text, files, or objects and places them on the clipboard for later pasting.
Ctrl + W / Command + W
The close shortcut is Ctrl + W (on Windows) or Command + W (on macOS). It closes the current document, file, or tab without exiting the application entirely.
Ctrl + Shift + N / Shift + Command + N
The create-new-folder shortcut is Ctrl + Shift + N (on Windows) or Shift + Command + N (on macOS). It creates a new folder in the current directory or location.
Win + V
The clipboard-history shortcut is Win + V (on Windows). It opens a list of recently copied items to paste from.
Ctrl + Shift + Delete / Command + Shift + Delete
The clear-browsing-data shortcut is Ctrl + Shift + Delete (on Windows) or Command + Shift + Delete (on macOS). It opens the dialog to clear browsing history, cache, and cookies.
Ctrl + W / Command + W
The close-tab shortcut is Ctrl + W (on Windows) or Command + W (on macOS). It closes the current browser tab.
Del / Command + Delete
The delete shortcut is Del (on Windows) or Command + Delete (on macOS). It moves selected items to the recycle bin or trash.
Shift + Delete / Command + Option + Delete
The permanent-delete shortcut is Shift + Delete (on Windows) or Command + Option + Delete (on macOS). It permanently deletes the selected item, bypassing the recycle bin or trash.
Ctrl + F / Command + F
The find shortcut is Ctrl + F (on Windows) or Command + F (on macOS). It opens a search box to locate specific text, files, or objects in the current document or application.
F11 / Command + Control + F
The full-screen shortcut is F11 (on Windows) or Command + Control + F (on macOS). It toggles the current window into or out of full-screen mode.
Win + E / Command + Option + Space
The file-explorer shortcut is Win + E (on Windows) or Command + Option + Space (on macOS). It opens the file management system to navigate files and folders.
HyperText Markup Language
It is the standard language used to create and design web pages and applications.
Ctrl + K / Command + K
The insert-hyperlink shortcut is Ctrl + K (on Windows) or Command + K (on macOS). It adds or edits a hyperlink to the selected text.
Ctrl + I / Command + I
The italicize shortcut is Ctrl + I (on Windows) or Command + I (on macOS). It italicizes the selected text.
Win + L / Command + Control + Q
The lock-screen shortcut is Win + L (on Windows) or Command + Control + Q (on macOS). It locks the computer screen, requiring the user to log in again for access.
No universal keyboard shortcut specifically for "Move" on most operating systems.
Moving refers to transferring files or objects from one location to another.
Win + Down Arrow / Command + M
The minimize-window shortcut is Win + Down Arrow (on Windows) or Command + M (on macOS). It minimizes the current window to the taskbar or dock.
Win + Up Arrow / Command + Control + F
The maximize-window shortcut is Win + Up Arrow (on Windows) or Command + Control + F (on macOS). It enlarges the current window to fill the screen.
Ctrl + N / Command + N
The new shortcut is Ctrl + N (on Windows) or Command + N (on macOS). It creates a new file, document, or project in the current application or program.
Ctrl + N / Command + N
The new-browser-window shortcut is Ctrl + N (on Windows) or Command + N (on macOS). It opens a new browser window.
Ctrl + O / Command + O
The open shortcut is Ctrl + O (on Windows) or Command + O (on macOS). It is used to open an existing file or document in the associated program or application.
Win + E / Command + Option + Space
The file-explorer shortcut is Win + E (on Windows) or Command + Option + Space (on macOS). It opens the file management system to navigate files and folders.
Win + I / Command + ,
The settings shortcut is Win + I (on Windows) or Command + , (on macOS). It opens the system settings menu for configuration.
Alt + D / Command + R
The file-location shortcut is Alt + D (on Windows) or Command + R (on macOS). It opens the file location in the file explorer or Finder.
Win + R
The run-dialog shortcut is Win + R (on Windows). It opens the run dialog for executing commands directly.
Ctrl + V / Command + V
A paste shortcut is typically Ctrl + V (on Windows) or Command + V (on macOS). It pastes the copied or cut content from the clipboard to the current location or selected area.
Ctrl + P / Command + P
The print shortcut is Ctrl + P (on Windows) or Command + P (on macOS). It opens the print dialog, allowing users to configure and print the current document or file.
Ctrl + Q / Command + Q
The quit shortcut is Ctrl + Q (on Windows) or Command + Q (on macOS). It exits the application, closing all open documents or windows.
Ctrl + Y / Command + Shift + Z
A redo shortcut is typically Ctrl + Y (on Windows) or Command + Shift + Z (on macOS). It restores an action that was previously undone with the Undo shortcut.
F5 / Command + R
The refresh shortcut is F5 (on Windows) or Command + R (on macOS). It reloads the current page, document, or view to display updated content.
F2
The rename shortcut is F2 (on Windows). It allows users to rename a selected file or folder directly.
Ctrl + S / Command + S
A save shortcut is typically Ctrl + S (on Windows) or Command + S (on macOS). It allows users to save the current document, file, or project to ensure changes are stored permanently on the computer or other storage devices.
Ctrl + Shift + S / Command + Shift + S
The save-as shortcut is Ctrl + Shift + S (on Windows) or Command + Shift + S (on macOS). It enables users to save the current file with a new name, location, or format while keeping the original file intact.
Ctrl + A / Command + A
The select-all shortcut is Ctrl + A (on Windows) or Command + A (on macOS). It selects all content within the current document, file, or window for further actions such as copying or deleting.
Alt + Tab / Command + Tab
The switch-applications shortcut is Alt + Tab (on Windows) or Command + Tab (on macOS). It allows users to quickly toggle between open applications.
Print Screen / Command + Shift + 4
The screenshot shortcut is Print Screen (on Windows) or Command + Shift + 4 (on macOS). It captures an image of the screen or selected portion for saving or sharing.
Win + S / Command + Space
The search shortcut is Win + S (on Windows) or Command + Space (on macOS). It opens the system-wide search bar to find files, applications, or settings.
Win + Left Arrow
The snap-left shortcut is Win + Left Arrow (on Windows). It snaps the current window to the left half of the screen for multitasking.
Win + Tab / Control + Down Arrow
The task-view shortcut is Win + Tab (on Windows) or Control + Down Arrow (on macOS). It shows an overview of all open windows and desktops.
Win + Right Arrow
The snap-right shortcut is Win + Right Arrow (on Windows). It snaps the current window to the right half of the screen for multitasking.
Win + Plus / Minus
The screen-magnifier shortcut is Win + Plus (+) to zoom in and Win + Minus (-) to zoom out on Windows.
Alt + Shift + 5 / Command + Shift + X
The strikethrough shortcut is Alt + Shift + 5 (on Windows) or Command + Shift + X (on macOS). It strikes through selected text.
Win + D / Command + F3
The toggle-desktop shortcut is Win + D (on Windows) or Command + F3 (on macOS). It minimizes all windows to show the desktop or restores the windows.
Ctrl + Shift + Esc / Command + Option + Esc
The task-manager shortcut is Ctrl + Shift + Esc (on Windows) or Command + Option + Esc (on macOS). It opens a utility to monitor and manage running processes, applications, and system performance.
Ctrl + U / Command + U
The underline shortcut is Ctrl + U (on Windows) or Command + U (on macOS). It underlines the selected text.
Ctrl + Z / Command + Z
An undo shortcut is typically Ctrl + Z (on Windows) or Command + Z (on macOS). It reverses the last action performed, allowing users to correct mistakes.
Ctrl + U / Command + Option + U
The view-source shortcut is Ctrl + U (on Windows) or Command + Option + U (on macOS). It displays the HTML source code of the current web page.
Ctrl + Win + D / Control + Up Arrow
The virtual-desktop shortcut is Ctrl + Win + D (on Windows) or Control + Up Arrow (on macOS). It creates a new virtual desktop to organize workspace or multitask more effectively.
Ctrl + + / Command + +
The zoom-in shortcut is Ctrl + + (on Windows) or Command + + (on macOS). It increases the size of content, making it appear larger on the screen.
Ctrl + - / Command + -
The zoom-out shortcut is Ctrl + - (on Windows) or Command + - (on macOS). It decreases the size of content, making it appear smaller on the screen.